Search results for "Food supplementation"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Diet Quality Limits Summer Growth of Field Vole Populations

2014

Marked variation occurs in both seasonal and multiannual population density peaks of northern European small mammal species, including voles. The availability of dietary proteins is a key factor limiting the population growth of herbivore species. The objective of this study is to investigate the degree to which protein availability influences the growth of increasing vole populations. We hypothesise that the summer growth of folivorous vole populations is positively associated with dietary protein availability. A field experiment was conducted over a summer reproductive period in 18 vegetated enclosures. Populations of field voles (Microtus agrestis) were randomised amongst three treatment…

0106 biological sciencesMaleLow proteinPopulation Dynamicsfood supplementation experimentslcsh:Medicine01 natural sciencesPopulation densityPregnancylcsh:Science2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybiologyEcologyEcologyArvicolinaeTerrestrial EnvironmentsMammalogyFemaleDietary ProteinsSeasonsResearch ArticleMetapopulation DynamicsEcological MetricsField volePopulationta1172010603 evolutionary biologyAnimal sciencePopulation Metricssmall mammalsAnimalsTerrestrial EcologyMicrotuseducationPopulation GrowthBiologyPopulation DensityPopulation Biology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologylcsh:Rbiology.organism_classificationDietDietary SupplementsPopulation cycleta1181Volelcsh:QPopulation EcologyZoologyBlood samplingEcological EnvironmentsPlos One
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Ecological mechanisms can modify radiation effects in a key forest mammal of Chernobyl

2019

International audience; Nuclear accidents underpin the need to quantify the ecological mechanisms which determine injury to ecosystems from chronic low-dose radiation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ecological mechanisms interact with ionizing radiation to affect natural populations in unexpected ways. We used large-scale replicated experiments and food manipulations in wild populations of the rodent, Myodes glareolus, inhabiting the region near the site of the Chernobyl disaster of 1986. We show linear decreases in breeding success with increasing ambient radiation levels with no evidence of any threshold below which effects are not seen. Food supplementation of experimental populatio…

0106 biological sciences[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changesfood supplementationMyodes glareolusnuclear accidentBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesydinonnettomuudetIonizing radiationChernobylRadioactive contaminationForest ecologyEcosystemEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMyodes volekey specieschronic radiationEcologyReproductive successEcologyionisoiva säteily010604 marine biology & hydrobiologysäteily15. Life on landContaminationforest ecosystemTsernobylmetsäekosysteemitpopulation sensitivity13. Climate actionreproductive successta1181Mammalionizing radiationpopulation increase
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Nutraceuticals and functional foods for the control of plasma cholesterol levels. An intersociety position paper

2018

Current evidence shows that cholesterol management either reduces the likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or slows down its progression. Hence, it is important that all health professionals make appropriate use of all the available intervention strategies to control risk factors: from dietary improvement and positive lifestyle changes to the use of functional foods, food supplements, and drugs. This review examines the effect of the most frequently occurring cholesterol-lowering substances in functional foods or in supplements across Europe, namely plant sterols and stanols, monacolin K found in red yeast rice, berberine and beta-glucans. We conclude that currently available suppleme…

ConsensusFunctional foodsClinical Decision-MakingFood supplementDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyLDL03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineNutraceuticalPlasma cholesterolRisk FactorsEnvironmental healthFood supplementsRed yeast riceMedicineAnimalsHumans030212 general & internal medicineCardiovascular risk; Cholesterol; Food supplements; Functional foods; LDL cholesterol; Primary prevention; Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol LDL; Clinical Decision-Making; Consensus; Dyslipidemias; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Protective Factors; Risk Factors; Diet Healthy; Dietary Supplements; Functional Food; Risk Reduction BehaviorDyslipidemiasPharmacologyLdl cholesterolHealthyEvidence-Based MedicinePrimary preventionCholesterolbusiness.industryFunctional foodFood supplementation functional foods cholesterol LDL-cholesterol cardiovascular risk primary preventionCholesterol LDLProtective FactorsCardiovascular riskDietCardiovascular risk; Cholesterol; Food supplements; Functional foods; LDL cholesterol; Primary prevention; PharmacologyYoung ageCholesterolchemistryCardiovascular DiseasesDietary SupplementsLDL cholesterolPosition paperDiet HealthybusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorBiomarkers
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Food provisioning alters infection dynamics in populations of a wild rodent

2015

While pathogens are often assumed to limit the growth of wildlife populations, experimental evidence for their effects is rare. A lack of food resources has been suggested to enhance the negative effects of pathogen infection on host populations, but this theory has received little investigation. We conducted a replicated two-factor enclosure experiment, with introduction of the bacteriumBordetella bronchisepticaand food supplementation, to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of pathogen infection and food availability on vole populations during a boreal winter. We show that prior to bacteria introduction, vole populations were limited by food availability.Bordetella bronchisept…

Male0106 biological sciencesRodentPopulation Dynamicsfood supplementation01 natural sciencesRodent Diseases2300 General Environmental ScienceRandom Allocation2400 General Immunology and MicrobiologyPathogenResearch ArticlesFinlandGeneral Environmental Science0303 health sciencesBordetella bronchisepticabiologyArvicolinaeEcologyGeneral Medicinefactorial experimentcoBordetellaArvicolinaeFemalepopulation limitationSeasonsGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences10184 Institute of Veterinary Pathology1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesBordetella bronchiseptica010603 evolutionary biologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesco-infection1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologybiology.animalAnimalsPopulation Growthta413Bordetella Infections030304 developmental biologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyHost (biology)biology.organism_classificationinfectionDietBordetella InfectionsvoleDietary Supplements570 Life sciences; biologyta1181VoleProceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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Physiological stress does not increase with urbanization in European blackbirds: Evidence from hormonal, immunological and cellular indicators

2020

Urbanization changes the landscape structure and ecological processes of natural habitats. While urban areas expose animal communities to novel challenges, they may also provide more stable environments in which environmental fluctuations are buffered. Species´ ecology and physiology may determine their capacity to cope with the city life. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying organismal responses to urbanization, and whether different physiological systems are equally affected by urban environments remain poorly understood. This severely limits our capacity to predict the impact of anthropogenic habitats on wild populations. In this study, we measured indicators of physiological…

MaleBLOOD-CELLSEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEcology (disciplines)URBAN010501 environmental sciencesCellular levelBiologyStress01 natural sciencesSongbirdsBirdsPASSER-DOMESTICUSStress PhysiologicalUrbanizationBODY CONDITION11. SustainabilityAnimalsEnvironmental ChemistryCitiesWaste Management and DisposalEcosystemFEATHER CORTICOSTERONEPhysiological stress0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEcologyLandscape structureTURDUS-MERULAUrbanization15. Life on landPollutionPhysiological responses3. Good healthHabitatH/L ratioHOUSE SPARROWSLEUKOCYTE PROFILESHeat-shock proteins[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyCorticosteroneFOOD SUPPLEMENTATIONHormoneScience of The Total Environment
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Data from: Food provisioning alters infection dynamics in populations of a wild rodent

2015

While pathogens are often assumed to limit the growth of wildlife populations, experimental evidence for their effects is rare. A lack of food resources has been suggested to enhance the negative effects of pathogen infection on host populations, but this theory has received little investigation. We conducted a replicated two-factor enclosure experiment, with introduction of the bacterium Bordetella bronchiseptica and food supplementation, to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of pathogen infection and food availability on vole populations during a boreal winter. We show that prior to bacteria introduction, vole populations were limited by food availability. Bordetella bronchis…

medicine and health careVolefood supplementationLife SciencesMedicinepopulation limitationBordetella bronchisepticafactorial experimentCo-infection
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